The small town of Paradise was completely destroyed. Many of the survivors are senior citizens with disabilities or illnesses, and didn't have much money to begin with. Here are some links for helping them.
I'm only linking to local efforts, not large national organizations. I used to do disaster relief for the American Red Cross and while they did a lot of genuinely good work, there was also a lot of financial mismanagement, waste, and poor use of resources. I find that local organizations, while they may have the same problems, tend to have a better sense of what's actually needed and get it to people faster.
North Valley Evacuation Relief Fund.
Butte Humane Society Amazon Wishlist. People in Paradise mostly had only minutes to flee, and some either couldn't catch their pets in time or weren't home. People have been going around and catching loose animals, which are then taken to various animal rescues and held to be released to their owners. There's a number of places doing this; warning if you search for it, there are often photos of injured pets.
The current death toll for the wildfires is 50 and climbing. A third body was discovered at the Woolsey fire, but the rest are from Paradise. There are about 100 people still missing from Paradise, and given what happened there, most of them are probably dead. That fire was moving at a pace of one football field per second.
I've lived in Southern California for almost thirty years and I've seen lots of fires. The light turns an eerie, over-saturated orange, and ash falls from the sky. I've been caught on the freeway when the hills were burning on either side of me, and I've watched the blackened hills turn green again the next spring. My parents have been evacuated repeatedly, and I've sat at the table listening to the radio or poring over a paper map to see where I need to go if I have to go.
I once was driving in the country, alone on a two-lane road, when I saw a wildfire that had just caught on the side of the road. It was very small. I pulled over, called 911, got my fire extinguisher from the trunk, and ran to put it out. In the minute that took, it had grown too big for my extinguisher; I put out a little patch of it, no more. I ran back to my car, grabbed my water jugs and a sheet, doused myself and the sheet, and ran back to try to beat it out with the sheet. The water on my skin dried instantly. I tried for maybe another minute. Then the heat drove me back. I was drenched in sweat from head to toe. My hair was soaking wet.
I stepped back to take in the larger view. The entire hillside was on fire, a nearby tree was a pillar of flame, and sparks were drifting across the road and setting hundreds of fires on the hillside on the other side, beside my car. I dropped my stuff, bolted back to my car, and peeled out just as a fire truck arrived. I know they put out that fire, or I would have heard. But it gave me a visceral understanding of just how fast a fire can blow up. If I'd arrived thirty seconds earlier, I might have had a chance.
We live in a fire ecology. But what's been happening over the last couple years is completely unprecedented. It's not normal.
There are a lot of things that could be done to abate the fires and their damage. The Paradise warning system was a disaster; people had to individually opt in for it, and these were largely very elderly people who were independent and didn't like being bothered, and also were not all very tech savvy. Additionally, it didn't even work for all the people who did opt in. I think CA needs a statewide system of fire alerts that can be sent to everyone, with no opting in or out, and blast an alarm even if your phone is silenced. (Or turned off, if this is possible.)
Possibly the most significant fire reduction action would be burying power lines rather than having them overhead. Controlled burns are obviously very risky but it's looking like they're better than the alternative. That being said, all this is happening because of global warming. Vote.
I'm only linking to local efforts, not large national organizations. I used to do disaster relief for the American Red Cross and while they did a lot of genuinely good work, there was also a lot of financial mismanagement, waste, and poor use of resources. I find that local organizations, while they may have the same problems, tend to have a better sense of what's actually needed and get it to people faster.
North Valley Evacuation Relief Fund.
Butte Humane Society Amazon Wishlist. People in Paradise mostly had only minutes to flee, and some either couldn't catch their pets in time or weren't home. People have been going around and catching loose animals, which are then taken to various animal rescues and held to be released to their owners. There's a number of places doing this; warning if you search for it, there are often photos of injured pets.
The current death toll for the wildfires is 50 and climbing. A third body was discovered at the Woolsey fire, but the rest are from Paradise. There are about 100 people still missing from Paradise, and given what happened there, most of them are probably dead. That fire was moving at a pace of one football field per second.
I've lived in Southern California for almost thirty years and I've seen lots of fires. The light turns an eerie, over-saturated orange, and ash falls from the sky. I've been caught on the freeway when the hills were burning on either side of me, and I've watched the blackened hills turn green again the next spring. My parents have been evacuated repeatedly, and I've sat at the table listening to the radio or poring over a paper map to see where I need to go if I have to go.
I once was driving in the country, alone on a two-lane road, when I saw a wildfire that had just caught on the side of the road. It was very small. I pulled over, called 911, got my fire extinguisher from the trunk, and ran to put it out. In the minute that took, it had grown too big for my extinguisher; I put out a little patch of it, no more. I ran back to my car, grabbed my water jugs and a sheet, doused myself and the sheet, and ran back to try to beat it out with the sheet. The water on my skin dried instantly. I tried for maybe another minute. Then the heat drove me back. I was drenched in sweat from head to toe. My hair was soaking wet.
I stepped back to take in the larger view. The entire hillside was on fire, a nearby tree was a pillar of flame, and sparks were drifting across the road and setting hundreds of fires on the hillside on the other side, beside my car. I dropped my stuff, bolted back to my car, and peeled out just as a fire truck arrived. I know they put out that fire, or I would have heard. But it gave me a visceral understanding of just how fast a fire can blow up. If I'd arrived thirty seconds earlier, I might have had a chance.
We live in a fire ecology. But what's been happening over the last couple years is completely unprecedented. It's not normal.
There are a lot of things that could be done to abate the fires and their damage. The Paradise warning system was a disaster; people had to individually opt in for it, and these were largely very elderly people who were independent and didn't like being bothered, and also were not all very tech savvy. Additionally, it didn't even work for all the people who did opt in. I think CA needs a statewide system of fire alerts that can be sent to everyone, with no opting in or out, and blast an alarm even if your phone is silenced. (Or turned off, if this is possible.)
Possibly the most significant fire reduction action would be burying power lines rather than having them overhead. Controlled burns are obviously very risky but it's looking like they're better than the alternative. That being said, all this is happening because of global warming. Vote.
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This is especially the case in disasters of limited scale - when you're talking tens of thousands displaced with a significant interruption of state-scale intervention, you're more into the realm of needing the sheer response scale that orgs like Red Cross/Crescent have available.
That's not so much the case here, which yeah means local orgs are a much better option when available.
Thank you for the post. ❤️
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I believe there was also concern about alerting everyone at once causing the road to be so clogged that no one could get out, but that is a problem that should have been considered earlier. (There was essentially only one road out.) In any case the entire town burned to the ground so everyone ended up either fleeing or dying, or fleeing too late because they only knew what was going on when a neighbor banged on their door.
Mariposa also has an opt-in system with the theoretical capability of alerting everyone regardless, but in practice sheriffs come round and bang on your door. This is a system that only works because we haven't had anything like the Paradise fire - my parents live at the end of a dirt road it takes at least five minutes to drive up or down.
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Our city uses Nixle, and it works pretty well for notifictions of road closures (and shelter-in-place for Reasons), but you do have to opt in and they do have to send notices in a timely way, which they don't always do. (Either that, or there's some kind of lag at the server end.)
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On the flipside the landscape in the Okanagan is a lot more like yours and the approaches seem to be pretty similar? And we've been having . . . epic . . . interior/Okanagan fires as well (just not . . . quite like the Beast, which threw burning half-trees thousands of feet across the Athabasca), without casualties as yet. (*touches wood*)
There's actually a Discovery Rogue Earth episode entirely about the FortMac fire that might be of interest?
One of the big things about it is that it was a highly integrated response - at least by the point of the high point of the evacuation (I gather there was some scrambling earlier on) all the moving parts, the firefighting and the observation and the municipal stuff, they were all in constant contact and on high alert; the region was under fire watch with continual daily updates and voluntary evac beforehand, there were multiple official updates throughout the day on fire status and location, and continuing updates via the Wood Buffalo Municipality twitter feed.
There's actually been a lot of monday-morning quarterbacking about "but WHY didn't they evac EARLIER?" but as I was hyper-watching the whole thing at the time, AT the time there was a fuckload of bitching about "oh this is too early to make this decision what if we evac the town and - " blah blah blah, so take that with whatever grains of salt necessary. Regardless, at about noon? I think? The decision was made that FortMac needed to be under mandatory evac immediately. It was announced on all available radio channels, via the Wood Buffalo municipality twitter, and whatever other channels - that included alerts to the schools, the hospitals, the RCMP, etc.
I don't THINK there was a full Emergency Alert thing, because we're not actually great at those? They're juuuust starting to implement them for tsunamis and other emergencies (we only recently got an official Amber Alert system, for example, rather than opting into someone's patch for it).
However, one of the big things was that it was a full hands-on, all-hands-on-deck evac? Once evac was ordered on the city (which was significantly - several hours - before it started breaching the city) it was ON and DONE and EVERYONE. OUT.
Like the Mounties were going house to house kicking in doors to check and make sure everyone was out (sometimes JUST BARELY ahead of the fire) - again I was GLUED to the CBC live-feed at the time, and while I can't find the exact story now (although several have references to the RCMP and auxiliaries going door to door and occasionally finding people who were Stupid and thought they could stay and Evacuating Them), there was one instance I think when Beacon Hill was being evacuated looking like this where a family in one of those slow-moving lines of traffic watched RCMP break into a home and come out carrying a little old South Asian lady who spoke no English and asked if they (the family) had space in their vehicle to take her to the buses being provided for evacuation for those who didn't have vehicle access.
(They took her there and fortunately the bus-driver turned out to speak the same language as the tiny old lady - who had no real idea what was going on until then - and so that was good).
Which: all the city buses were turned into evacuation buses, which were in turn driven back and forth to nearby communities that were at that time out of the fire path.
The high-school evacuated unclaimed students via school-bus under the authority of the principal, that kind of thing.
They determined early on that the highway was not up to taking the volume of cars necessary for two-way traffic, at which point they picked a spot where if you were further north than X point you would evacuate north and if you were south of that point you would go south, closed the two-way and opened all highway lanes one direction and put heavy traffic control on.
The more ephemeral advantages FortMac had that I can think of are:
--> It's an oil-patch town. That meant a couple things:
- the oil companies all willingly opened and donated space and food and so on at their camps for evacuees, which helped a LOT
- a large number of people with a very solid "we can solve problems" attitude and a lot of training, used to working in groups to a specific end, as well as a lot of industrial-type/associated gear and equipment. That meant that among other things people got together volunteer groups of truck enthusiasts who delivered fuel up and down the road to stranded people, etc
---> I feel like I should add to elaborate: among the things that happened was that when the residential roads were getting blocked up, someone took their Really Big Truck and smashed open the gates to a paved running trail and a bunch of people started taking that down to the highway instead. Which is kind of a mindset thing - for instance I'm not sure it would have ever occurred to ME to do that while panicking that I was going to be burned alive by a huge forest fire! But it's totally unsurprising to me that one guy with a big heavy truck who works the patch would think of that, because that kind of "shit make solution for problem NOW" mindset is very normal. (Sometimes UNFORTUNATELY normal, because they will also do this kind of thing in . . . less reasonable circumstances.)
- a very high population of young, basically physically fit, basically healthy people - while there were also plenty of all the other kinds and ages, but there was also a core population of people between 18 and 50 who were used to Doing Things
--> there'd been a big fire at Slave Lake a year or two before which, while nowhere near AS big and still without casualties, was also a CLUSTERFUCK, which had in many ways served as a kind of dry-run "we need to fix this now" on a lot of the issues
--> In a very nebulous way: northern Canadian prairies attitude? It's hard to describe, because like: I moved away from there AS FAST AS I COULD because I don't FIT there and there are SO many aspects of it I HATE (including a lot. a LOT. of bigotry), but there is one definite positive aspect which is that there's a very solid sense of "when straight-up disasters happen the community gels, and everyone helps everyone, no matter what." So you had stuff like a bunch of truck enthusiasts going: oh shit, people are gonna run out of gas. OKAY EVERYONE GET YOUR TANKS IN YOUR TRUCKS, FILL'EM UP AND WE WILL GO SAVE PEOPLE; you had neighbours going to find neighbours and pick up their stuff, you had people connecting via what communication abilities they had to extend help to strangers, etc. One well-known story is the guy who would have burned to death except his girlfriend called his neighbour and his neighbour pounded on the door to the point of nearly kicking it in (hard to do with weather-proofed northern doors, ok!) which was just barely loud enough to get thru his earplugs - he got out with his neighbour with flames just about to eat his house. (The house was eradicated down to the foundation.)
--> someone in the planning cycle was very, very smart, and designated a single Wood Buffalo Municipality twitter as the centre of information and had someone basically living on it. This was effective not only in terms of reaching everyone who already knew how to use social media, but it also meant there was a single, text-based, responsive clearinghouse for information and evac orders and explanations, which meant even with people who didn't previously understand how this worked, they could still be pointed at the Twitter account and told "go look there". This also allowed for the very effective and meaningful inclusion of ordinary citizens in the coordinating process. (From the pov of my field it was SO FUCKING COOL to watch work.)
But even just as I type this over and muse on it and looking stuff up I think the really big things were: decisions were MADE, they were acted on immediately when made, they were made through an effective chain of incident command, and they were followed up on, and finally, kinda crucially I think, resources like RCMP officers/associates were deployed to make sure people FOLLOWED evac orders and to double-check that people GOT them in the first place.
There was a huge deployment of an entire civic machine, I guess, that was 100% focused on "get all humans out of this area Now" and that was all it was focused on until the evac was confirmed complete the evening of May . . . 5th? I think? Only THEN did they start worrying about structure-protection and so forth.
And from what I can tell the various provincial fire-response teams looked at that and went "we're going to do that, except more and earlier" - when the interior was Burning Down this summer they ran a lot of the evacs very similar, except at a much earlier point of threat.
(Also I don't want to totally downplay Luck - I think the fact that we had NO casualties at ALL* was entirely an issue of stupidly good luck, and I think the same good handling of the situation would have still been basic good handling even had there been, well, one or two. I remember at the time being in total DISBELIEF that there were no deaths from the actual fire.)
*there was a traffic collision that killed three people which was because they were evacuating early on, but on the other hand that highway has fatal collisions fairly regularly? so like it's not quite a Fire Death.
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- the fastest the Beast moved was around a meter-and-a-half per second, which it maintained for about a day and a bit, due to taking external winds and then generating the height of its own weather. (I remember the point where it started generating its own weather. Everyone kind of went " . . . well fuck." Because it was likely - and did - to generate more lightning strikes, which would restart fires in controlled areas, or start new ones that could join up.)
- they figure it was probably started by human activity but not deliberately - potential causes include sparks from an ATV motor or wheel carriage (due to rocks hitting it as people drive), because it was Just That Dry.
- so the strict divisions for government are "federal", "provincial" and "municipal", but especially in Western Canada we also tend to have a slightly more ephemeral but still significant level of "regional", which tends to be "economic development" focused, but also tends to be where a certain level of disaster management happens, because our economic concerns are often so geographically based. The Province of Alberta is ultimately in charge of disaster management (the feds funnel money and respond to requests for stuff like military involvement but don't run things), which then tends to coordinate through a regional director who is responsible for coordinating local municipal responses and also additional tricky bits like reserve communities and unincorporated communities.
---> On the one hand if you hit up the news you'll see Notley's NDP getting flak for this coordination and communication being "not good enough". On the other, a) Notley is running an NDP government in Alberta she literally gets flak for everything, including when she brushes her hair and also when she doesn't brush her hair, and also b) I am well aware of the Canadian tendency to not. . . understand? what the actual realistic scale of How Good These Things Are Anywhere is, and to bitch whenever things aren't Perfect, even if they're pretty good. Having not fully read the post-fire report myself I can't comment Authoritatively, but I have read a LOT of it and also have experience with the various major fires in the Okanagan and how things worked there, so while I also suspect there are always things that could be Done Better, I'm still also pretty sure that in the scale of somewhat-unexpected massive-fire evacuations and responses that have existed in the world, that one was still pretty damn good. (Beyond the evidence that, well, there was no death.)
---> overall command appears to have been split between the regional disaster response director and Chief Darby who ran the firefighters in FortMac, and they seem to have been in almost constant contact. The regional director's outlook extended through the city, but also to the camps around the city, the unincorporated communities, and the reserve communities; we run more or less the same thing in BC, and so for example last year the regional director was the one making the calls about all the fires in the interior, in coordination with the fire chiefs. The mayors of the communities were one tier DOWN from that regional director and were basically executing decisions, not making them; the provincal government was basically just waiting for updates from the fire in order to activate resources. Which is good incident command structure. (As far as I can tell this . . . just hasn't really happened in the fires around you right now? Which might be an incorrect impression, but.)
- there was also a lot of active coordination/communication with media at every level - local radio stations, local TV, provincial TV, provincial radio, national radio and national TV, all of them with crews on the ground or in place as much as possible, all of them serving primarily as relays for official word (often coming from the Wood Buffalo Municipal twitter) while secondarily serving as "LOOK AT THIS FIRE, THIS IS SCARY, I ACTUALLY WOULD RATHER NOT BE HERE, PLEASE LEAVE."
I will probably stop spamming you now.
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I wonder if they could establish a warning siren system like they have for tornadoes (and for tsunamis in some tsunami-prone areas - after most of south-coastal Alaska was devastated by a tsunami in 1964, the rebuilt communities now have warning sirens like for tornadoes and evacuation-route signs, since you're likely to only have minutes in a situation like that to run). I mean, it is obviously just a finger in a leaking dike - not addressing the causes, just trying to abate the symptoms. But I wonder if measures like that have been considered.
(I hope this nattering isn't bothersome with this currently going on - feel free to tell me to shut up. I'm not trying to Monday-morning quarterback, just thinking through some of the options, in part with an eye towards seeing if they can be deployed here too.)
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There still would be flames moving through, though. People who have gone through a house-saving thing are always stunned by how big fire is.
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They've been testing a province-wide alert on phones recently overhere but it's still a work in progress because it wasn't quite working as desires -- I never got any notice, for one.
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We've been asking for that in Australia since the massive 1983 fires and it hasn't happened yet. And we're not even earthquake-prone here, it would be vastly cheaper to maintain than in California!
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However, CA just elected a governor with a history of making grand sweeping gestures, so squaring off with the power companies might be right up his alley. It's looking almost certain that power lines caused the Paradise fire.
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Good luck with your new governor!
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We live in a fire ecology. But what's been happening over the last couple years is completely unprecedented. It's not normal.
The same kind of thing has been happening in WA and Canada too -- it's really scary. I don't think entire towns have been wiped out, tho.
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I got *one* alert from the county's emergency alert system (opt-in), and then crickets. I spent the next few days following a dozen Twitter accounts (because it never occurs to my town or county to put important information on their websites), reading the local newspaper (which was the only place where officials actually talked about what was going on), learning that the dam's phone line to provide reports to the public didn't work, and trying to tell, from various National Weather Service sites, whether my apartment building was likely to be swept into the wild waters.
Thank goodness we rarely get wildfires here. With an emergency notification system like this, we'd be sunk.
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Do you always drive with a fire extinguisher (is that something people in wildfire country do)?
PS: I remember being on a bus once, on a highway somewhere near the coast in the New York/New Jersey area, and I looked out the bus window and saw the salt marsh grasses on fire, burning, just burning. ... Yeah, terrifying.
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It's definitely not something everybody does, but I think it's not all that uncommon in areas that are wildfire prone. I would guess more people have them in Mariposa (where my parents live, out in the country) than in Los Angeles.